The Islamic Republic of Iran, commonly known as Iran, was called Persia for a long time before 1501, located in West Asia, It is a Middle Eastern country, with the Caspian Sea in the north, the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea in the south. Iran is bordered by Pakistan and Afghanistan in the east, Turkmenistan in the northeast, Azerbaijan and Armenia in the northwest, and the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. It is adjacent to Turkey and Iraq (Kurdistan) to the west. The country covers an area of 1,648,195 square kilometers. The country is mainly located on the Iranian plateau and the climate is relatively dry. The population is 83.2 million. It is a multi-ethnic country. Its main ethnic group is Persians, accounting for approximately 52% of the total population, the rest are Azerbaijanis, Kurds, Arabs, etc. The official language is Persian. The twelve Imams of the Shia Islam (believers more than 90% of the national population) are the state religion of Iran. The Constitution The other recognized denominations include Sunni, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, etc. The capital is Tehran.